IT Band Syndrome

What is IT Band Syndrome?

Iliotibial band (IT band) syndrome is irritation of the thick connective tissue on the outside of the thigh, usually where it rubs against the knee. It’s a common cause of lateral knee pain in runners and cyclists.

Common Symptoms

• Pain on the outer side of the knee

• Pain that worsens with running or cycling

• Tenderness over the lateral knee

• Sometimes snapping or popping sensations

Physical Therapist Diagnosis

A PT evaluates hip and knee mechanics, tests for tenderness at the lateral femoral condyle, and analyzes running gait. Ober’s test may show TFL and/or IT Band tightness.

Why it Happens

Poor hip stability, running mechanics, and overuse contribute to IT band irritation. Weak glutes are often a major factor.

Why it Doesn’t Always Heal on Its Own

Without addressing underlying biomechanics, pain usually recurs with activity.

Ideal Physical Therapy Treatment

Treatment targets hip strength, mechanics, and tissue mobility. Dry needling is often used to reduce tension in the glutes and lateral hip.

Key strategies include:

• Manual therapy for hip and IT band mobility

• Dry needling for lateral hip and thigh muscles

• Glute and core strengthening to improve control

• Running gait retraining to reduce stress

• Gradual return-to-run program

Expected Outcomes

Most runners improve within weeks, but notice improvement almost immediately with the right combination of treatment. Addressing hip strength is crucial for long-term prevention.